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Latest Advancements in Renewable Energy Tech

Vrinda Mathur
May 17, 2024

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warns in its Sixth Assessment Report that greenhouse gas emissions must be nearly halved by 2030 if warming is to be limited to 1.5°C.

As a result, it is encouraging that innovators continue to pioneer new approaches that make the goal of transitioning the world to renewable energy more attainable. Listed below in this blog well talk about the latest advancements of technology in the renewable energy industry

What is Renewable Energy Technology?

Renewable energy is usable energy derived from replenishable sources such as the Sun (solar energy), wind (wind power), rivers (hydroelectric power), hot springs (geothermal energy), tides (tidal power), and biomass (biofuels).

At the turn of the century, fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas provided roughly 80% of the world's energy supply. Fossil fuels are finite resources; most estimates suggest that proven oil reserves are sufficient to meet global demand at least until the middle of the twenty-first century. The use of fossil fuels has a number of negative environmental consequences.

Sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and toxic chemicals (heavy metals: mercury, chromium, and arsenic) are emitted by fossil-fueled power plants, and nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter are emitted by mobile sources such as fossil-fueled vehicles. Exposure to these pollutants can result in heart disease, asthma, and other health issues.

Wind, sunlight, and the planet all have energy that we can see and feel transform. Sunlight shining on the ground and the warmth we feel when sunlight shines on our skin are both visual and tactile evidence of the transfer of energy from the sun to Earth. We can see and feel evidence of energy transfer in the wind's ability to lift kites higher into the sky and shake tree leaves. The geothermal energy of steam vents and geysers provides visible and tactile evidence of energy transfer.

Recent advancements in capture and storage, combined with the global push towards Net Zero, have resulted in an increase in renewable and green energy production. These advancements range from small-scale manufacturing, such as installing solar panels on a home, to large-scale facilities, such as offshore wind farms.

Also Read | 5 Most Searched Renewable Energy Stocks on Google

Types of Renewable Energy Sources

There are numerous renewable energy sources that have been developed, each with its own set of benefits and drawbacks depending on factors such as geographical location, usage requirements, and even the time of year.

Solar Energy

The sun has enormous potential to supply our electricity generation needs, given that enough energy to power the planet for an entire year reaches the earth from the sun in just one hour. The challenge has always been determining how to harness and utilize this vast potential.

Solar energy is currently used to heat buildings, warm water, and power our devices. Solar, or photovoltaic (PV), cells made of silicon or other materials are used to collect power. These cells convert sunlight into electricity and can power anything from a single garden light to entire communities. Rooftop panels can power a single home, but community projects and solar farms that use mirrors to concentrate sunlight can generate much larger amounts. Solar farms, known as floatovoltaics, can also be built in bodies of water, providing another option for locating solar panels.

Wind

Wind farms use turbines to capture wind energy and convert it to electricity. Wind energy conversion systems come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Commercial-grade wind-powered generating systems can power a wide range of organizations, whereas single-wind turbines are used to supplement existing energy organizations. Utility-scale wind farms, which are purchased on a contract or wholesale basis, are another option. Wind energy is technically a type of solar energy. Wind is caused by temperature differences in the atmosphere, as well as the rotation of the Earth and the geography of the planet.

Geothermal

Geothermal heat is heat trapped beneath the earth's crust as a result of the Earth's formation 4.5 billion years ago and radioactive decay. Large amounts of this heat can sometimes escape naturally, but only all at once, resulting in well-known phenomena such as volcanic eruptions and geysers. This heat can be captured and used to generate geothermal energy by using steam generated by heated water pumping beneath the surface, which rises to the surface and can be used to power a turbine.

Biomass

Bioenergy is a type of renewable energy that is derived from biomass. Organic matter derived from recently living plants and organisms is referred to as biomass. Most people are familiar with using wood in their fireplaces as an example of biomass.

There are numerous methods for generating energy from biomass. This can be accomplished by burning biomass or capturing methane gas, which is produced naturally by the decomposition of organic materials in ponds or even landfills.

Role of Technology in Renewable Energy

Some clean technology, such as solar PV and wind turbines, is relatively well-established. In other areas, however, a concerted effort is required to reap the benefits of zero-carbon technologies.

The World Economic Forum's First Movers Coalition brings together governments and businesses with the sole goal of quickly bringing these emerging renewable technologies to commercial scale. Some of the major advancements are:

Solar ducts

Droughts are a common occurrence in California. The first 22 years of this century were the driest in the state since 800, raising fears of a megadrought. The problem is exacerbated because the state's water distribution system relies on open canals.

Start-up SolarAquaGrid is testing a plan to cover the canals with solar panels that generate power while reducing evaporation. It is estimated that if all 6,400 km of the state's canals were installed, it would save 283 billion liters of water per year and generate enough power for 9.4 million homes.

Solar Windows

Windows with solar panels - The windows in the preceding image are also solar panels. This transparent renewable energy source was created by California-based Ubiquitous Technology, which claims it has the potential to revolutionize solar power.

The glass is treated so that visible light, what we see, can pass through while invisible ultraviolet and infrared light is absorbed and converted into electricity. According to the company, the solar windows can generate up to 30% of a building's energy needs.

Making water out of air

With two-thirds of the world's population facing water scarcity by 2025, finding alternative sources is critical. One option is provided by the US start-up Source. It has developed off-grid "hydro panels" capable of converting air into water.

Fans inside the panels extract water vapor from the air, converting it to liquid water that can be mineralized and used as drinking water. According to the company, one hydropanel could eliminate the need for 54,000 single-use plastic water bottles over its 15-year lifespan.

Wind turbines with a vertical axis

Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have a unique design that allows them to capture wind energy from any direction, as opposed to the traditional horizontal axis wind turbines that have been used for decades. VAWT blades are vertically oriented and rotate around a central axis, making them ideal for use in urban areas and other areas where wind direction is unpredictable.

Also Read | How is AI a game changer for Renewable Energy?

Conclusion

These innovative renewable energy technologies are only the tip of the iceberg in terms of what is possible in clean energy. We can expect even more exciting advancements in the future with continued research and development. Investing in these technologies can help us reduce our reliance on fossil fuels while also laying the groundwork for a more sustainable future.

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Latest Advancements in Renewable Energy Tech

What is Renewable Energy Technology?

Types of Renewable Energy Sources

Solar Energy

Wind

Geothermal

Biomass

Role of Technology in Renewable Energy

Solar ducts

Solar Windows

Making water out of air

Wind turbines with a vertical axis

Conclusion

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